Above-knee removal (AKA), or transfemoral removal is a surgery performed to remove the lower leg over the knee joint when it has been damaged beyond repair by an external trauma. Most AKAs are performed because of peripheral vascular illness, or severe infection in the lower limb. Healing is dependent on proper blood circulation; a reduced or restricted blood circulation limits healing and causes further damage. In some cases, the limb becomes contaminated, and the infection may spread deep down.
Amputation is performed to remove the diseased tissue and avert the spread of infection. Above-knee amputations are performed when the bloodstream is lacking in the lower leg, or infection is so grave that any attempt to heal is futile.
If an AKA is necessary, it is performed by a vascular or orthopaedic specialist. The unhealthy or seriously harmed piece of the limb is removed, while the orthopaedic surgeon tries to save the healthy tissue as much as he can. The specialist shapes the rest of the leg to permit the use of a prosthetic leg after recuperation.
The Necessity of AKA is backed by following conditions:
Removal is done under general or spinal anaesthesia, which numbs the portion below the waist. The specialist removes the harmed tissue while sparing the healthy tissue. A specialist may utilise a few techniques to figure out where to cut and how much tissue to remove. The techniques are as follows:
Successful rehabilitation of the patient, who has experienced an above-knee amputation, requires an organised effort that should begin before the procedure. The group of surgeons and nurses must build up a positive association with the patient and family and incorporate them in the primary leadership process from the very beginning.
Rehabilitation efforts will result in the enhanced confidence in the patient. The team efforts will make the patient ready to acknowledge the removal and set practical goals for recuperation. The patient ought to be informed that a "ghost limb" will be felt after the affected limb is removed. It is a common occurrence in the people who had their leg removed.
Potential Risks and Complications of the AKA
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