Aplastic anemia is a condition which arises when the body stops producing enough new blood cells, or in other wordsit is a blood disorder in which the bone marrow (the soft tissue in the center of bones) doesn't make enough amount of blood cells.
Aplastic anemia develops when there is damage to bone marrow stem cells. When the cause remains unknown, it is known as idiopathic aplastic anemia.
Thus the causes of the disorder other than idiopathic fall into the "acquired" or "inherited" categories.
Acquired aplastic anemia (more common than the inherited form)
Inherited aplastic anemia is rare and develops from genes that are passed down to next generation, includefanconi anemia, dyskeratosiscongenital, Diamond-Blackfan anemia, and Shwachman-Diamond syndrome
Clinical Sysmptoms And Signs
Thrombocytopenia may cause:
Diagnosis
In aplastic anemia, the patient has pancytopenia (i.e., less blood count of all blood cells) - leukopenia and thrombocytopenia.
The diagnosis can only be confirmed on bone marrow examination. Before this procedure is undertaken, a patient will generally have had other blood tests to find diagnostic clues, including a complete blood count, renal function and electrolytes, liver enzymes, thyroid function tests, vitamin B12 and folic acid levels.
Treatment
Treatment is usually only necessary in severe cases of aplastic anemia that are causing life-threatening symptoms.
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