Anotia and microtia are counted as congenital disabilities of a child's ear. Anotia happens when the external ear (the piece of the ear that can be seen) is missing entirely. Microtia occurs when the outer ear is little and not shaped legitimately.
Nobody knows the exact reason of microtia. The medical community does assert the role of genetics. Microtia may happen due to a gene mutation. Certain medications, for example, Accutane (isotretinoin) taken amid pregnancy, diminished bloodstream to the uterus, and natural variables may cause this defect. A mother's chances of delivering a baby with microtia may depend on irregular eating routine, diabetes and lack of medical care amid pregnancy. Pregnant women who eat a diet low in starch and folic acid are at risk of having a baby with microtia.
Apart from the conditions mentioned above, Microtia may also happen because of:
The highlights of microtia are characterised into four classifications which are:
If your child has microtia, the following symptoms are observed:
Microtia is a visible condition, so invasive diagnostic tests are rarely needed. Although, hearing loss is checked using an auditory brainstem response test (ABR).
Small stickers (called cathodes) are put on and around the child's head and ears. At that point, a PC measures the responses to different sound.
The test isn't painful at all. The doctors make sure that the child should lie still. If the child is younger than 6 months, the test is conducted amid sleep. The doctors may put some calming medicine in the ear for children who are more than 7 years old.
Treatment for children with anotia/microtia relies upon the type or seriousness of the condition. Before going ahead with the surgery, an audiologist will test the child's listening ability to diagnose any hearing loss in the ear. Postoperatively, hearing devices might be used to help the child in listening. This step also ensures a quick recovery.
The craniofacial team conducts surgery to recreate the outer ear. The procedure is performed taking in consideration the child's age. Usually, children who are between 5 to 10 years of age are chosen as they can handle the effects of anaesthesia and have enough cartilage to recreate the ear.
The child is supposed to stay in the hospital for a day so that the doctors can monitor any signs of complication. Usually, the recovery is fast and the results are permanent.
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